After spending countless weekends exploring the waters of Adams County, Pennsylvania, I've discovered some incredible fishing spots that range from pristine wild trout streams to family-friendly lakes. This south-central Pennsylvania county might be famous for Gettysburg, but its 1,300 miles of flowing water hide some of the best fishing opportunities in the region.
What makes Adams County special for anglers is the diversity of fishing experiences available. We have Class A wild trout streams that challenge experienced fly fishers, stocked waters perfect for beginners, and warm-water fisheries where bass and panfish thrive. I've fished most of these waters over the past decade, and I'm excited to share what I've learned about the best spots, when to fish them, and how to make your trips successful.
Whether you're a local angler looking for new water to explore or visiting the Gettysburg area and want to wet a line, this guide covers everything you need to know. I'll walk you through the top fishing destinations, explain the regulations you need to follow, and share the local knowledge that took me years to accumulate.
Top 10 Fishing Spots in Adams County
1. Conewago Creek - The Crown Jewel
Conewago Creek stands out as Adams County's premier trout fishery, and for good reason. The creek flows through the county for approximately 24 miles, offering diverse fishing opportunities along its length. The most prized section is the 1.5-mile catch and release fly fishing only area near the York County line, which holds some of the largest wild brown trout in the region.
I've had my best success on Conewago Creek during the early morning hours in late May and June when mayfly hatches bring trout to the surface. The creek averages 40-60 feet wide in most sections, with a mix of riffles, runs, and deep pools that hold fish year-round. Access can be challenging since much of the creek flows through private property, but several bridge crossings provide legal entry points.
The water stays relatively cool through summer thanks to limestone springs and shaded sections, making it fishable even during July and August when other streams get too warm. Brown trout dominate the population, though you'll occasionally catch wild brook trout in the upper tributaries and rainbow trout in the stocked sections.
2. Opossum Lake - Family-Friendly Excellence
When I'm introducing kids or beginners to fishing, Opossum Lake is my go-to destination. This 90-acre impoundment near Hanover offers excellent warm-water fishing with easy shore access and a boat launch. The Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission stocks the lake with trout in spring and fall, creating exciting opportunities for multi-species fishing.
The lake holds healthy populations of largemouth bass, bluegill, crappie, and channel catfish. I've caught bass up to 5 pounds here using plastic worms around the weed edges and fallen trees. The dam area provides deep water fishing opportunities, while the upper end features shallow coves perfect for spring spawning activity. If you're interested in bass fishing identification, this lake offers great practice distinguishing between different sunfish species.
Facilities include restrooms, picnic areas, and a paved walking trail around portions of the lake. The relatively small size makes it perfect for kayak fishing, and I often see families enjoying shore fishing from the designated areas. Electric motors only are allowed, keeping the lake peaceful and the fish less pressured than in waters allowing gas motors.
3. Latimore Creek - Wild Trout Paradise
Latimore Creek might not get the attention of Conewago, but this hidden gem offers some of the best wild brook trout fishing in Adams County. The upper sections near Latimore Valley flow through forested areas that keep the water cold and clean. I've found native brook trout up to 10 inches in the deeper pools, though most fish run 6-8 inches.
The creek is relatively small, averaging 15-20 feet wide, which makes it perfect for ultralight spinning gear or a short fly rod. Stealth is crucial here - these wild trout spook easily in the clear water. I approach pools from downstream and keep a low profile to avoid alerting fish to my presence.
Public access exists at several road crossings, though you'll need to ask permission to fish through private property. The best fishing occurs from March through May when water levels are higher and trout are more active. During summer, focus on the deepest pools and shaded sections early in the morning.
4. Mountain Creek - Remote Beauty
Mountain Creek flows through some of Adams County's most scenic countryside, offering solitude and excellent fishing for those willing to explore. The creek supports both wild and stocked trout, with the upper reaches holding native brook trout and the lower sections receiving spring stockings of rainbow and brown trout.
What I love about Mountain Creek is the variety of water types. You'll find everything from shallow riffles perfect for nymphing to deep undercut banks where large brown trout hide. The creek flows through a mix of agricultural and forested land, creating diverse habitat that supports strong insect populations.
Access requires some effort since much of the creek flows through private property. However, several bridge crossings and a section flowing through public land near Fairfield provide opportunities for those willing to walk. I've had my best luck using small streamers and woolly buggers in the deeper runs, especially during overcast days.
5. Stillhouse Run - Small Stream Excellence
Don't let the size fool you - Stillhouse Run packs surprising fishing into its narrow channel. This tributary of Conewago Creek averages just 10 feet wide but holds a robust population of wild brown trout. The Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission classifies sections as Class A wild trout water, protecting it from stocking to preserve the native population.
I fish Stillhouse Run with a 6-foot ultralight rod or a 7-foot 3-weight fly rod, perfect for the tight quarters and overhanging vegetation. The key is making short, accurate casts to pocket water and undercut banks where trout wait for food to drift by. Small spinners, garden worms, and size 16-20 dry flies all produce well.
The creek flows primarily through private property, but landowner relations are generally good if you ask permission respectfully. The best fishing happens during spring when mayflies and caddisflies hatch regularly. Summer fishing requires early morning trips before the water warms.
6. Bermudian Creek - Diverse Opportunities
Bermudian Creek offers something different from the typical trout waters - excellent smallmouth bass fishing in its lower sections. While the upper reaches receive trout stockings and hold some wild browns, I focus on the warm-water sections where smallmouth up to 3 pounds cruise the rocky runs.
The creek varies from 20-40 feet wide, with long pools separated by shallow riffles. Smallmouth concentrate around rock ledges, fallen trees, and current breaks. Small crankbaits, tube jigs, and inline spinners consistently produce strikes. The creek also holds rock bass, sunfish, and the occasional channel catfish.
Access improves in the lower sections with several road crossings and informal parking areas. Wade fishing works best, allowing you to cover water thoroughly. I've found the most active fishing occurs during evening hours in summer when smallmouth move into the riffles to feed.
7. Mud Run - Underrated Gem
Mud Run doesn't sound appealing, but this small stream surprises anglers who give it a chance. The creek supports wild brown trout in its upper sections and receives spring stockings in accessible areas. Despite the name, the water runs clear except after heavy rains.
The intimate nature of Mud Run requires a stealthy approach. I fish it like I'm hunting - moving slowly, staying low, and making the first cast count. The trout here see less pressure than in more popular waters, making them somewhat less wary but still challenging to catch.
Limited access keeps crowds away, preserving the quality fishing experience. A few road crossings provide entry points, and some landowners allow fishing with permission. Spring offers the best conditions with higher water levels and active insect hatches.
8. Rock Creek - Mixed Species Haven
Rock Creek provides diverse fishing opportunities with both cold and warm-water sections. The upper reaches support trout, while downstream areas transition to smallmouth bass and panfish habitat. This variety makes it perfect when you're unsure what species you want to target.
I've caught everything from wild brook trout to 2-pound smallmouth bass in Rock Creek's varied waters. The gradient changes create different habitat types - fast riffles, moderate runs, and slow pools - each holding different species. Pack both trout and bass tackle to take advantage of the opportunities.
Several public access points exist along the creek's length, though some walking may be required to reach the best spots. The mixed species nature means you can fish here year-round, targeting trout in cooler months and warm-water species during summer.
9. Toms Creek - Border Water Beauty
Flowing along the Maryland border, Toms Creek offers excellent fishing often overlooked by Pennsylvania anglers. The creek supports wild brown and brook trout in its upper sections, with some surprisingly large fish in the deeper pools. The Maryland portion sees more pressure, making the Pennsylvania sections a better bet for solitude.
The creek averages 15-25 feet wide with classic freestone stream characteristics - pocket water, plunge pools, and undercut banks. I've had success with traditional Pennsylvania patterns like the Adams dry fly and pheasant tail nymphs. The wild trout here are opportunistic feeders, taking both surface and subsurface offerings.
Access requires some research since the creek flows through private property. However, cooperative landowners often grant permission if asked politely. The remoteness means you'll likely have the stream to yourself, especially on weekdays.
10. Marsh Creek - Wetland Fishing
Marsh Creek offers unique fishing in a wetland environment different from the county's other waters. The slow-moving water and marshy areas create ideal habitat for pike, pickerel, and panfish. While not as scenic as mountain streams, the fishing can be exceptional for those who understand the habitat.
I fish Marsh Creek with weedless lures to avoid the abundant vegetation. Spinnerbaits, floating frogs, and weedless soft plastics work well for pike and bass hiding in the grass. The panfish fishing can be outstanding with small jigs or live bait fished around openings in the vegetation.
Access varies along the creek's length, with some sections more fishable than others. Hip boots or waders help navigate the marshy areas. Spring and fall offer the best fishing when water levels are higher and fish are more active.
Fishing Regulations and Licensing in Adams County
Understanding Pennsylvania's fishing regulations is crucial for staying legal and protecting our fisheries. Adams County waters fall under statewide regulations with some special designations that affect how and when you can fish certain waters.
First, let's talk licenses. Anyone 16 or older needs a valid Pennsylvania fishing license to fish in Adams County. The basic fishing license covers most warm-water fishing and allows you to keep trout during the extended season (September through February). However, if you want to fish for trout during the regular season (April through Labor Day), you'll also need a trout stamp. While Pennsylvania's requirements differ from other states' fishing license requirements, the process is straightforward through the Fish and Boat Commission website or local retailers.
The regular trout season opens at 8 AM on the first Saturday in April for most waters. This is when the crowds are heaviest at popular stocked locations. However, several Adams County streams have special regulations you need to know about. Conewago Creek's fly fishing only section operates under catch and release rules year-round, meaning you can fish there anytime but must release all trout immediately.
Class A wild trout waters like sections of Stillhouse Run and upper Latimore Creek have their own rules. These waters aren't stocked to preserve wild populations, and some have reduced creel limits or size restrictions. Always check the current regulations before fishing a new water - the Fish and Boat Commission updates rules annually based on population surveys.
For warm-water species, regulations are generally more relaxed. Largemouth and smallmouth bass have a 15-inch minimum size limit and a daily limit of 6 combined. The season runs year-round, though catch and release is required from mid-April through mid-June to protect spawning fish. Panfish like bluegill and crappie have no minimum size and a 50-fish daily limit.
Best Times to Fish Adams County Waters
Timing makes a huge difference in fishing success, and Adams County's waters fish differently throughout the year. I've kept detailed logs over the years, and certain patterns consistently emerge that can help you plan successful trips.
Spring (March through May) offers the most consistent action across all species. Trout season opens in early April when waters are typically high and cold from snowmelt and spring rains. This is when stocked trout are most active and wild trout feed aggressively after the lean winter months. I've had excellent success in April using worms and small spinners in stocked sections, while wild trout waters fish best with nymphs and streamers.
May brings the best dry fly fishing of the year as mayflies, caddisflies, and stoneflies hatch regularly. Evening fishing becomes productive as water temperatures rise into the optimal 55-65°F range for trout. Warm-water species like bass and panfish begin spawning in May, creating excellent shallow-water opportunities at places like Opossum Lake.
Summer (June through August) requires adjustment to your fishing approach. Trout fishing slows in many waters as temperatures rise above 70°F, potentially stressing fish. I focus on early morning trips, fishing from dawn until about 9 AM when water is coolest. Spring-fed sections of Conewago Creek and shaded tributaries like upper Latimore Creek remain fishable throughout summer.
For warm-water species, summer provides excellent fishing if you adjust your tactics. Bass move to deeper water during the day but feed actively in shallows during low-light periods. Night fishing for catfish can be outstanding in lakes and larger creeks. I've caught my biggest channel cats from Opossum Lake fishing chicken liver on the bottom after dark.
Fall (September through November) ranks as my favorite season for Adams County fishing. Cooling water temperatures trigger increased feeding as fish prepare for winter. Trout become active again in waters that were too warm during summer. The extended trout season begins in September, offering opportunities to harvest trout from approved waters.
Fall also brings spectacular scenery as leaves change color, making fishing trips even more enjoyable. Brown trout spawn in October and November, creating opportunities to catch larger fish, though I practice strict catch and release during this period to protect spawning fish. Bass fishing remains excellent through October, with fish feeding heavily on baitfish to build winter reserves.
Winter (December through February) challenges anglers but rewards those who persist. Most trout waters remain open during the extended season, and dedicated anglers can find success using small nymphs and slow presentations. I've caught some of my largest wild brown trout from Conewago Creek during February warm spells when fish become briefly active.
Required Permits and Access Information
Beyond your fishing license and trout stamp, accessing Adams County waters sometimes requires additional considerations. While no special county permits are needed, understanding access rights and landowner relations is crucial for a successful fishing experience.
Pennsylvania law allows anglers to walk in streams and rivers that are legally accessible, but you cannot cross private property to reach the water without permission. This means utilizing bridge crossings and designated access points is essential. I always carry a county map showing public roads and bridge locations to identify legal access points.
Several organizations work to improve fishing access in Adams County. The Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission maintains several official access points with parking areas. Adams County Trout Unlimited partners with willing landowners to secure fishing access through handshake agreements - these arrangements depend on anglers respecting property and following rules.
When seeking permission to cross private property, I've found that a polite, respectful approach works best. Introduce yourself, explain that you're interested in fishing, and ask if the landowner allows access. Many will say yes if you're courteous, promise to pack out any trash, and respect their property. Building these relationships takes time but opens up miles of excellent water.
Local Tips for Fishing Success
After years of fishing Adams County waters, I've learned numerous tricks that consistently improve success. These local insights come from personal experience and conversations with other dedicated anglers who know these waters intimately.
First, pay attention to water levels and recent rainfall. Adams County streams fluctuate significantly with precipitation. I check USGS water gauges online before trips - slightly elevated, slightly stained water often produces the best fishing. Crystal clear, low water requires maximum stealth and downsized presentations.
Understanding the food sources in each water helps tremendously. Conewago Creek has excellent mayfly and caddis populations, so matching these insects produces results. In contrast, Mountain Creek's trout feed heavily on terrestrials like ants and beetles during summer, making these patterns essential. When exploring different types of fishing methods, consider what works best for each specific water.
Local tackle shops provide invaluable information about current conditions and hot spots. The folks at these shops fish regularly and gladly share information with customers. I always stop in to buy a few lures or flies and ask about recent fishing reports. Building relationships with shop owners has led me to some of my best fishing spots.
Timing your trips around stocking schedules improves success rates at certain waters. The Fish and Boat Commission stocks trout in spring and fall, with schedules available on their website. While I prefer targeting wild fish, knowing when stockings occur helps you avoid crowds or capitalize on easy fishing when introducing beginners to the sport.
Don't overlook small tributaries and headwater sections. Some of my most memorable fishing experiences have come from tiny streams barely wide enough to cast across. These waters often hold wild trout that see little pressure, making them less wary than fish in popular spots.
Conservation and Etiquette
Protecting Adams County's fishing resources requires effort from all anglers. I practice catch and release for wild trout, keeping only stocked fish and warm-water species within legal limits. This ensures future generations can enjoy the same quality fishing we have today.
Proper fish handling makes a huge difference in survival rates for released fish. I wet my hands before touching fish, avoid squeezing them tightly, and remove hooks quickly using hemostats. For deeply hooked fish, cutting the line close to the hook often gives them a better chance than trying to dig out the hook.
Stream etiquette keeps the fishing experience enjoyable for everyone. I give other anglers plenty of space - at least 100 yards on small streams and more on larger waters. When walking past someone fishing, I move well back from the water to avoid spooking their fish. If someone is fishing a pool I wanted to try, I simply move on to the next spot.
Trash has no place on our waters. I carry a small bag to pack out not just my own trash but any litter I find. Leaving waters cleaner than we found them ensures continued access and shows landowners that anglers are responsible stewards of the resource.
Consider joining local conservation organizations like Adams County Trout Unlimited. These groups work on stream improvement projects, water quality monitoring, and access negotiations with landowners. The knowledge gained from fellow members and the satisfaction of giving back to the resource makes membership worthwhile.
Seasonal Fishing Calendar for Adams County
Planning your fishing trips around seasonal patterns dramatically improves success rates. Here's my month-by-month breakdown of the best opportunities in Adams County waters:
January-February: Target deep pools in Conewago Creek during warm spells. Fish small nymphs slowly along the bottom. Winter stonefly hatches on warmer days can trigger surface feeding.
March: Pre-season scouting identifies holding water and access points. Rising water temperatures activate trout in preparation for the April opener. Focus on deeper runs and pools with slow presentations.
April: Opening day brings crowds but excellent fishing. Stocked sections fish well with bait and lures. Wild trout streams produce better after crowds thin out. Evening caddis hatches begin late in the month.
May: Prime time for all species. Mayfly hatches bring consistent dry fly action. Bass and panfish spawn in shallow water. Everything feeds actively as water temperatures hit optimal ranges.
June: Early morning and evening fishing becomes essential as water warms. Focus on spring-fed sections and shaded areas during hot days. Terrestrial patterns begin producing well.
July-August: Fish early or find cool water refuges. Night fishing for catfish and bass can be excellent. Small mountain streams with tree cover remain fishable for trout.
September: Cooling waters reinvigorate trout fishing. Extended season begins, allowing harvest from approved waters. Bass fishing remains excellent as fish feed heavily.
October: Fall foliage peaks, creating beautiful fishing conditions. Brown trout begin spawning activities. Use streamers to trigger aggressive strikes from territorial fish.
November: Focus on deeper pools where fish gather for winter. Slower presentations work best as metabolism slows. Some of the year's largest brown trout are caught this month.
December: Winter patterns set in. Fish during the warmest part of the day with small offerings. Most anglers have quit for the season, leaving waters empty for dedicated fishermen.
Equipment Recommendations for Adams County Waters
Having the right gear makes fishing Adams County waters more enjoyable and productive. Through years of experience, I've refined my equipment selection to match our local conditions perfectly.
For trout fishing in streams like Conewago and Latimore Creeks, I use a 6'6" to 7' light or ultralight spinning rod paired with a 1000 or 2000 series reel spooled with 4-6 pound monofilament. This setup handles everything from tiny spinners to live bait while providing enough backbone to land larger fish. For fly fishing, a 9-foot 5-weight rod covers most situations, though a shorter 7'6" 3-weight excels on small streams.
Warm-water fishing at Opossum Lake and Bermudian Creek requires different tackle. I use a 6'6" to 7' medium-power rod with 8-12 pound line for bass fishing. This handles various lures from topwater poppers to weighted soft plastics. For panfish, scaling down to ultralight gear makes catching bluegill and crappie more sporting.
Essential terminal tackle includes size 8-12 hooks for trout, 1/16 to 1/8 ounce jig heads for panfish, and various bass hooks from size 1 to 3/0. I always carry split shot, small bobbers, and swivels to adjust presentations based on conditions.
Quality waders or hip boots are essential for stream fishing. I prefer breathable chest waders for comfort during long days, though hip boots work fine for summer wet wading. Felt-soled or studded boots provide crucial traction on slippery rocks.
Don't forget safety and comfort items. Polarized sunglasses help spot fish and protect your eyes from errant hooks. Sunscreen and insect repellent make summer fishing more pleasant. I always carry a small first aid kit, especially when fishing remote waters.
Conclusion
Adams County offers exceptional fishing opportunities that rival anywhere in Pennsylvania. From the wild trout of Conewago Creek to the family-friendly waters of Opossum Lake, there's something here for every angler regardless of skill level or preferred species. The diversity of waters means you can find good fishing year-round if you know where to look and how to adjust your approach.
Success comes from understanding each water's unique characteristics and the fish that inhabit them. Take time to explore beyond the popular spots - some of the best fishing in Adams County happens on waters that rarely appear in fishing reports. Building relationships with landowners opens access to private waters that see little pressure and hold quality fish.
Remember that we're all stewards of these precious resources. Practice conservation, respect private property, and help maintain the quality fishing that makes Adams County special. Whether you're a visiting angler exploring our waters for the first time or a local looking to expand your fishing horizons, Adams County's streams and lakes offer endless opportunities for memorable fishing experiences.
The waters I've described represent just a sampling of what Adams County offers. Each season brings new challenges and opportunities, keeping the fishing fresh and exciting year after year. Get out there, explore these waters, and create your own fishing memories in Adams County's diverse and productive waters. When planning trips to other regions, you might find our best fishing lakes guide format helpful for discovering new destinations. Similarly, if you're interested in trout fishing elsewhere, check out resources about trout fishing streams in other states for comparison.
Tight lines and good fishing!
